【 "Financial Network" Beijing / reporter】xudongsheng of the Ministry of Industry and Information has issued "pre-installed on the computer Internet filtering software green notice" that, in order to consolidate the regulation of the Internet vulgar results of the special action of the wind to protect the healthy growth of minors , production and marketing in China must be pre-installed computers "green dam - young escort" software.
This provided free by the government the green Internet filtering software can be through technical means for Internet users to filter out bad information, control time spent online, manage features such as computer games, you can view the online records to facilitate access to the Internet parents about their children and to prevent adverse impact.
However, many questioned the voice behind this initiative are worried that may contain the Internet to strengthen control of the Government to restrict the flow of information considerations.
Information shows that the letter of the Ministry of Public Works designated "green dam - the flowering season in defense of" software, is the personal computer with a database linked to banned site to prevent access to them to enter the "blacklist" of the Web site. Moreover, this was shielding the "blacklist" can be continuously updated, and users will be very difficult to know exactly what had been prevented.
Although this software claims to be shut down, you can uninstall, but the users to choose how much space there is no precise statement.
More doubts about that, how to determine the "harmful information" database of prohibited sites? Determine whether or not "blacklist" of a transparent mechanism, as well as open channels for error correction and relief? How to prevent this abuse of power as a "back door"? Up to now, the official has not yet been given to answer these queries.
Filtering of "illegal information" should respect the right of citizens to choose
Information dissemination of Internet technology to bring about a revolutionary change, for example, the network's "no center" and it is open to all, with unlimited sources of information, each person can be both users of information may also be provided by persons . Moreover, the network also has the interactive, the user can accept their own information to choose and control.
These characteristics of the past broke through the dissemination of all forms of information space of the diversification and expansion of freedom of expression provided a great convenience. However, it is undeniable that this channel has also led to a "resource that pays top academics", pornography, violence, the spread of undesirable and harmful information has also brought a variety of social problems, including the first harmful to minors.
Therefore, not only in China to carry out such rectification campaign in the world are trying to monitor. However, in view of freedom of expression and information transparency, such as the value of social justice for the extreme importance of the regulation on the Internet is also the need to maintain extreme caution, to find reasonable and effective regulation of the limits and methods, not "throwing the bath water when the child has thrown out" .
This is also a concern, "Green Dam - the flowering season in defense of" the crucial software applications. In fact, the network allows interactive users to receive information with what kind of choice and control over their own space, but also to prevent undesirable harmful information provided against their own space.
Under normal circumstances, In addition to being the authority, due process of law expressly prohibited the development of the "illegal" information, the Government can not "replace" instead of adult citizens to identify what is harmful or harmless information; even if not for the protection of The purpose of the adults, so that parents play a role in their own, but also far more practical and effective government.
Government, such as online pornography, including the supervision of harmful information, it should be a total distinction between domain and private domain. In the former, of Internet cafes, public places (schools, libraries, etc.), office space, such as the Internet to strengthen the normative and control of computers to combat illegal website, norms "edge ball" phenomenon; in the latter, as far as possible, and advocated the adoption of the proposed methods, such as flexible the regulation of home computers by the parents (parents) is responsible for, you can recommend techniques such as filtering software products and programs, rather than the development of a mandatory pre-installed software.
In fact, the market can choose to have a lot of green Internet filtering software, including Microsoft's IE browser is also preloaded content classification review process (RSACI), parents can choose what software can also minor children self-control restrictions on the scope of access to information.
In short, the Government through a variety of mechanisms can be advocated and urged parents to take responsibility, rather than become the omnipotent "patriarch."
Experience in the United States "Stones from other hills"
Similar problems in the United States the case of Reno v. ACLU, for reference.
In 1996, as the "Telecommunications Act of 1996" as part of the CDA (Communication Decency Act) Act ( "the spread of purification Act") provides the transmission of information deliberately to minors under the age of 18, or the dissemination of indecent remarks "inappropriate" information (indecent material ) constitute a crime.
But the bill hit the American Civil Liberties Union (American Civil Liberty Union, referred to as ACLU) accused of unconstitutional. ACLU believes that indecent speech from First Amendment protection, but "inappropriate" speech is protected.
In 1997, the United States Supreme Court of Final Appeal ruling that the CDA unconstitutional bill. , The United States have been ruling the court CIPA ( "Child Online Protection Act"), COPA ( "Online Child Protection Act") and other relevant legal restrictions on Internet speech unconstitutional.
U.S. court decisions show a tendency to judge its value, it is improper to object to legal restrictions on freedom of speech, but by no means advocating a laissez-faire "inappropriate" dissemination of information, for example, by "filtering technology" (non-mandatory), ways to empower parents to protect minors and Internet users.
Its core idea is to avoid the "mandatory" means, as far as possible through "the option" proposal to control harmful information network in order to prevent the abuse of authority.
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